Nordic countries accelerate nuclear revival amid energy security push

Nordic governments have ramped up plans to expand nuclear power capacity, as Europe re-embraces atomic energy to counter energy security worries and price volatility intensify.

Sweden has set a target of building 10GW of new nuclear capacity by 2045, marking one of the most ambitious expansion plans in Europe. The programme reflects a broader policy pivot towards low-carbon baseload generation, as Stockholm seeks to balance climate goals with industrial demand for stable electricity supply.

Finland, which already hosts one of Europe’s newest reactors, is advancing plans to deploy small modular reactors (SMRs), particularly for district heating networks. The approach could allow nuclear technology to play a wider role beyond electricity generation, integrating into urban energy systems.

Elsewhere in the region, Norway has taken initial steps towards nuclear development by launching its first environmental impact assessment related to potential projects. While the country remains a major exporter of oil and gas, the move signals a tentative opening towards nuclear as part of its long-term energy mix.

Denmark, which has historically opposed nuclear power, is also reassessing its position. The government has begun a formal review of nuclear energy, reflecting shifting political and economic calculations amid rising demand for reliable, low-emission power.

The renewed interest across the Nordics comes as Europe grapples with tighter energy markets and increased geopolitical risk. Policymakers are revisiting nuclear energy’s role in providing stable supply, particularly as intermittent renewable sources expand.

Industry participants say the region’s strong regulatory frameworks, technical expertise and public investment capacity position it to become a testbed for next-generation nuclear technologies, including SMRs.

The developments mark a notable turnaround for a region long associated with scepticism towards nuclear power, underscoring how energy security concerns are reshaping policy priorities across Europe.